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ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY

Fake case categories in NCRB reports

Unresolved cases are ignored

Cases not resolved with a solid conclusion are not taken for estimation, as their status of genuinity is unknown.

These cases come under:

  • Pending cases
  • Withdrawn cases
  • Acquittals due to insufficient evidence
  • Etc.

Quashed cases

Quashed cases involve false allegations, and quashing a case is a comparatively quicker process. They are not included in estimation because doing so would lead to disproportionately quicker accumulation in fake cases, and skewing the estimate.

(Check Source #4 in 'Data & Sources' page for details on quashing a case)

Cases considered as 'Fake'

  • Final Report False: Filed after confirming false report.
  • Final Report Non-Cognizable: Filed after confirming false report filed over a petty offence.
  • Mistake of Fact or of Law or Civil Dispute: Filed after confirming exaggeration or misinterpretation of incident by complainant, or false allegation filed over a civil dispute.

Final reports of any category are filed by police with approval from court.

(Check Source #2 in 'Data & Sources' page for details on these final report categories)

(Check Source #3 in 'Data & Sources' page for details on false cases filed over civil disputes)

Cases considered as true incidents

  • Cases Convicted: Convictions are made after proving guilt of accused.

Faulty convictions later acquitted are not considered due to inadequate data (i.e. conviction numbers are taken as they are in NCRB reports).

Estimation formula

Fake Cases % = (F / (F + C)) × 100

F = Number of Fake Cases
C = Number of Convicted Cases

Quashed case numbers are excluded from estimation.